Fibromuscular Dysplasia

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Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause for fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is unknown. A combination of risk factors may contribute to the condition.

Fibromuscular dysplasia may have a genetic (hereditary) link. Some studies have shown that family members of patients who have fibromuscular dysplasia are at increased risk for developing the condition.

Hormones also may play a role in the development of fibromuscular dysplasia. The condition, which is more common in women, usually is diagnosed prior to menopause.

A congenital (present at birth) defect involving the arteries or the position of the arteries within the body may cause fibromuscular dysplasia. Other risk factors include smoking and the use of certain medications (e.g., drugs used to treat migraine headaches).

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